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Create List Column in SharePoint using REST API

The example in this topic show how to use REST API to Create List Column in SharePoint

REST-API is based on OData (Open Data) Protocol and hence it doesn't require any dll or JS library to run the commands on the SharePoint objects.
REST-API calls require proper end-point URL and proper Header implementation in your REST call.

How to use SharePoint REST API?

Note: This is just a sample, you can go ahead with your implementation.
You can also use this method in your SPFx Component.
Open your Site. Create a webpart page.
Put a Content Editor Web part and a Script Editor Web part on it.

Webpart page content editor and scipt editor

I have added below Html in Content Editor webpart. You can replace MainFunction with your actual method name.
<button onclick="MainFunction();" type="button">Click me</button>
And below references in Script Editor Webpart. ScriptFile.js is a JavaScript file where you can keep below function i.e. your actual logic.
<script src="https://MyServer/sites/SiteCollection/style library/js/ScriptFile.js"></script>
Once you are done with setting your page, click on the button and your method should get executed.

function CreateListColumn() {
$.ajax
({
// _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl - will give absolute URL of the site where you are running the code.
// You can replace this with other site URL where you want to apply the function
url: _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl + "/_api/web/lists/getByTitle('List Name')/fields",
type: "POST",
// 'FieldTypeKind' value in below line decide the datatype of the column.
// Some 'FieldTypeKind' values are listed below, after the method, for reference.
data: "{'__metadata':{'type': 'SP.Field'},'FieldTypeKind': 4,'Title':'NewColumnDateTime'}",
headers:
{
// Accept header: Specifies the format for response data from the server.
"Accept": "application/json;odata=verbose",
//Content-Type header: Specifies the format of the data that the client is sending to the server
"Content-Type": "application/json;odata=verbose",
// X-RequestDigest header: When you send a POST request, it must include the form digest value in X-RequestDigest header
"X-RequestDigest": $("#__REQUESTDIGEST").val()
},
success: function (data, status, xhr) {
console.log("Success");
},
error: function (xhr, status, error) {
console.log("Failed");
}
});
}
/* 'FieldTypeKind' values and their description mentioned below. You can use these values in above method to create column using REST API
Invalid - Must not be used. The value = 0.
Integer - Specifies that the field contains an integer value. The value = 1.
Text - Specifies that the field contains a single line of text. The value = 2.
Note - Specifies that the field contains multiple lines of text. The value = 3.
DateTime - Specifies that the field contains a date and time value or a date-only value. The value = 4.
Counter - Specifies that the field contains a monotonically increasing integer. The value = 5.
Choice - Specifies that the field contains a single value from a set of specified values. The value = 6.
Lookup - Specifies that the field is a lookup field. The value = 7.
Boolean - Specifies that the field contains a Boolean value. The value = 8.
Number - Specifies that the field contains a floating-point number value. The value = 9.
Currency - Specifies that the field contains a currency value. The value = 10.
URL - Specifies that the field contains a URI and an optional description of the URI. The value = 11.
Computed - Specifies that the field is a computed field. The value = 12.
Threading - Specifies that the field indicates the thread for a discussion item in a threaded view of a discussion board. The value = 13.
Guid - Specifies that the field contains a GUID value. The value = 14.
MultiChoice - Specifies that the field contains one or more values from a set of specified values. The value = 15.
GridChoice - Specifies that the field contains rating scale values for a survey list. The value = 16.
Calculated - Specifies that the field is a calculated field. The value = 17.
File - Specifies that the field contains the leaf name of a document as a value. The value = 18.
Attachments - Specifies that the field indicates whether the list item has attachments. The value = 19.
User - Specifies that the field contains one or more users and groups as values. The value = 20.
Recurrence - Specifies that the field indicates whether a meeting in a calendar list recurs. The value = 21.
CrossProjectLink - Specifies that the field contains a link between projects in a Meeting Workspace site. The value = 22.
ModStat - Specifies that the field indicates moderation status. The value = 23.
Error - Specifies that the type of the field was set to an invalid value. The value = 24.
ContentTypeId - Specifies that the field contains a content type identifier as a value. The value = 25.
PageSeparator - Specifies that the field separates questions in a survey list onto multiple pages. The value = 26.
ThreadIndex - Specifies that the field indicates the position of a discussion item in a threaded view of a discussion board. The value = 27.
WorkflowStatus - Specifies that the field indicates the status of a workflow instance on a list item. The value = 28.
AllDayEvent - Specifies that the field indicates whether a meeting in a calendar list is an all-day event. The value = 29.
WorkflowEventType - Specifies that the field contains the most recent event in a workflow instance. The value = 30.
MaxItems - Must not be used. The value = 31.
*/

Similar examples using different APIs:

Thank you for reading this article. This code was tested in SharePoint 2013

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